Mohenjo-daro

Mohenjo-daro was a city in the Indus Valley Civilization built around 2600 B.C.E., located in present day Pakistan. Mohenjo-daro was the largest, most sophisticated city discovered from the Indus River Valley Civilization.

It had a layout based on a grid of streets and at its height the city probably had around 35,000 residents. The buildings of the city, of particularly advanced design had structures constructed of same-sized sun dried bricks of baked mud and burned wood. The public buildings of those cities also suggest a high degree of social organization.

The city included granary ducts to circulate beneath the stored grain to dry it. There was also a great public bath, with steps down to a brick-lined pool in a courtyard. The elaborate bath area had been extremely well built, with a layer of natural tar to keep it from leaking, and in the center stood the pool. Measuring 12m x 7m, with a depth of 2.4m, the pool had been likely used for religious or spiritual ceremonies.

The city included the world's first urban sanitation systems. Within the city, individual homes or groups of homes obtained water from wells. Some of the houses included rooms that appear to have been set aside for bathing, with wastewater diverted to covered drains, which lined the major streets.